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<oembed><version>1.0</version><provider_name>Andreas Kalcker</provider_name><provider_url>https://andreaskalcker.com/en/</provider_url><author_name>andreasKalckerWq</author_name><author_url>https://andreaskalcker.com/en/author/andreaskalckerwq/</author_url><title>Clinical evidence</title><type>rich</type><width>600</width><height>338</height><html>&lt;blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="c2FjX3uKvz"&gt;&lt;a href="https://andreaskalcker.com/en/clinical-evidence/"&gt;Clinical evidence&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;iframe sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" src="https://andreaskalcker.com/en/clinical-evidence/embed/#?secret=c2FjX3uKvz" width="600" height="338" title="&#x201C;Clinical evidence&#x201D; &#x2014; Andreas Kalcker" data-secret="c2FjX3uKvz" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" class="wp-embedded-content"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;script&gt;
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</html><description>Macrostudy: Chlorine dioxide as an alternative treatment for COVID-19 Dr. Manuel Aparicio-Alonso, Carlos A. Dom&#xED;nguez-S&#xE1;nchez* and Marina Banuet-Mart&#xED;nez Deparment of Natural Sciences, Jurica Medical Center, Queretaro, Mexico &#xA0; Summary; As of December 2019, the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China, and spread rapidly around the world. This disease has caused millions of deaths and to date there is no fully effective drug against this disease.&#xA0; &#xA0; This study evaluated the negative and positive effects of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as an alternative therapy for the treatment of COVID-19. Data were collected from the medical records of 1136 patients treated for COVID-19 with three different protocols of an aqueous&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;solution at a mean dose of 1.41 mg/kg.&#xA0; &#xA0; The average time to symptom resolution was 4.84 days, and full treatment lasted 15.87 days. In addition, 6.78% of patients had mild and sporadic adverse reactions such as headache, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhoea and nausea.&#xA0; &#xA0; There were no side effects that endangered the health of the patients. &#xA0; Blood tests revealed no systemic abnormalities after&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;consumption. Liver enzymes, glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides returned to normal at the end of treatment.&#xA0; &#xA0; Without complications, 99.03% of patients were discharged.&#xA0; &#xA0; Our findings show that, when used at the appropriate concentration and dosage,&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;as a solution effectively treats COVID-19 while being safe for human consumption. &#xA0; Introduction The disease reported in late 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, is characterised mainly by acute respiratory symptoms accompanied by fever, malaise, headache and, occasionally, digestive and nervous symptoms [1,2].&#xA0; These symptoms are caused by excessive inflammatory responses [3,4] and coagulopathies due to endothelial damage caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein [5].&#xA0; Since the early 2020`s, when the World Health Organization declared it, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected most countries in terms of morbidity and mortality, as well as in terms of the economic and social cost of the measures taken to curb the pandemic. One of the main challenges posed by this disease has been finding effective drugs to treat COVID-19 [6].&#xA0; &#xA0; Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a soluble gas that is used in different countries to disinfect drinking water [7-9] due to its antimicrobial activity [10]. When both air and water are present,&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;is distributed between the two phases in an equilibrium relationship determined by temperature and atmospheric pressure [11].&#xA0; &#xA0; ClO2&#xA0;is known to denature tyrosine and tryptophan residues due to oxidation [10,12], and also has a modulating action on the immune system by inhibiting NF-kB transcription [13,14]. In this context, it is possible to assume that&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;can react with the SAR-CoV-2 Spike protein (composed of 54 tyrosine, 12 tryptophan and 40 cysteine residues) and inactivate the virus [15].&#xA0; &#xA0; In addition, by neutralising reactive oxygen molecules and cytokines with&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;[16,17], it is possible to control the excessive inflammation associated with severe COVID-19 [1].&#xA0; &#xA0; Although cysteine, tyrosine and tryptophan residues can also be found in human tissues,&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;is much less toxic to humans or animals than to bacteria and viruses due to its size selectivity [16,18] and due to the content of antioxidants such as glutathione in mammalian cells [19]. &#xA0; While&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;has been categorised as a hazardous compound when used for other applications in other forms and doses, due to some reported non-lethal side effects [19], it is important to consider that most of these cases are clinical reports of poisoning with other chemical substances like sodium chlorite (NaClO2) or sodium hypochlorite (Bleach, NaClO), and not&#xA0;ClO2.&#xA0; &#xA0; Regardless, health authorities have issued misleading information that lacks scientific evidence on the toxicity of this chemical compound, thus affecting the development and implementation of&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;as a possible treatment for COVID-19.&#xA0; &#xA0; To date, none of the drugs approved or cleared on an emergency basis by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat COVID-19 have demonstrated high effectiveness in reducing symptoms, hospitalisation and death. It is therefore critical to evaluate new compounds that can reduce the impact of the current pandemic, such as Ivermectin [20,21].&#xA0; &#xA0; Evidence on the safety and efficacy of&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;is just beginning to be accepted in the medical community, although official regulatory institutions do not yet accept it. Here, we examined medical data from 1,136 patients with COVID-19 who used&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;solutions (CDS) as an alternative treatment. We evaluated the side effects produced by CDS consumption and its potential effectiveness in preventing serious illness and death. &#xA0; Materials and Methods&#xA0;Data collection:&#xA0;Baseline and clinical information Clinical records of 1,136 COVID-19 positive/suspected patients (treated by the same physician) who voluntarily requested home therapeutic management in Mexico were reviewed; these records spanned from 30 May 2020 to 15 January 2021.&#xA0; Inclusion criteria for the clinical registries were as follows:&#xA0; 1) patients diagnosed by molecular testing (real-time reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR) for SARSCoV-2, antigen detection, specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) against SARS-CoV-2), computer-assisted computed tomography of the lungs, chest radiographs or a combination of clinical manifestations such as headache, fever, cough, sore throat, dyspnoea, malaise and fatigue [1,22];&#xA0; 2) patients informed about the benefits and possible side effects of&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;consumption before starting treatment and who had signed the informed consent form.&#xA0; &#xA0; Variables collected from medical records were: sex, age, comorbidities, previous medications, date of onset, date of discharge or date of death, side effects following CDS consumption, millilitres of&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;consumed per day (&#x201C;ClO2&#xA0;per day&#x201D;), partial oxygen saturation (SpO2), oxygen supplementation (O2&#xA0;L/min) and COVID-19-like symptoms. In addition, six variables were calculated for each patient from the collected data: duration of COVID-19-like symptoms (&#x201C;symptom days&#x201D;), duration of treatment (&#x201C;treatment duration&#x201D;), millilitres of&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;consumed during treatment (&#x201C;total ClO2&#x201D;),&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;dose during treatment (&#x201C;ClO2&#xA0;dose&#x201D;),&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;cost per day (&#x201C;cost per day&#x201D;) and total&#xA0;ClO2&#xA0;cost during the entire treatment (&#x201C;total cost&#x201D;).&#xA0; &#xA0; In addition, patients&#x2019; disease severity (mild, moderate or severe) was determined according to the parameters established in the Coronavirus Disease Treatment Guidelines (COVID-19) [23] and the interim algorithms for COVID-19 care of the Mexican Social Security Institute [24]. &#xA0; Two groups of patients were analysed:&#xA0; &#xA0; &#xA0; 1) Multi-drug patients: people taking drugs normally used to treat COVID-19 (Azithromycin, Dexamethasone, Ivermectin and Hydroxychloroquine) plus a chlorine dioxide solution, and&#xA0; ... 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